Bhutan Russia

The Russian Federation spans 11 time zones, making it the largest country globally by landmass. It shares borders with 14 countries, including China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Finland, and Ukraine, and has coastlines along the Arctic and Pacific Oceans. Moscow, the capital, is a hub of political, economic, and cultural activity.

Russia has a population of approximately 143 million people and operates as a federal semi-presidential republic. 

Russian cuisine is rich and hearty, often reflecting the country's cold climate. Borscht, a beetroot-based soup, and pelmeni, traditional dumplings filled with meat, are national staples. Bread, particularly rye varieties, is a fundamental part of the diet.

Russia is developing as a wine-producing nation with regions like Krasnodar and Rostov-on-Don producing high-quality wines. Vodka, the national drink, remains a key cultural symbol, often consumed alongside celebratory meals.

Russia offers a variety of outdoor activities suited to its vast and diverse landscapes. A railway tour on the Trans-Siberian Railway provides an unparalleled way to experience the country’s breadth, connecting Moscow to Vladivostok through changing scenery.

Lake Baikal, the world’s deepest freshwater lake, is ideal for hiking, kayaking, and exploring in summer, while in winter, it transforms into a destination for ice-skating and snowshoeing. Ski resorts such as Krasnaya Polyana near Sochi attract visitors during the colder months.

Russia is a land of remarkable natural beauty, with landscapes that range from the icy tundra of Siberia to the volcanic ranges of Kamchatka. The Ural Mountains, often considered the divide between Europe and Asia, offer rugged terrain and scenic views.

Lake Baikal, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is home to unique flora and fauna, including the Baikal seal. The Altai Mountains and the Caucasus region are perfect for trekking, while the Arctic north features awe-inspiring views of the Northern Lights.

Russia’s cultural calendar features a variety of traditional and modern events. Maslenitsa, celebrated in February or March, marks the end of winter with pancakes, folk music, and dancing. Victory Day on May 9 commemorates Russia's role in the Second World War with military parades and fireworks.

In Saint Petersburg, the White Nights Festival in June celebrates the city's long summer evenings with performances and concerts. The New Year holiday period, celebrated enthusiastically across Russia, features grand decorations and festive markets.

Travellers should ensure they are vaccinated against hepatitis A and B, tetanus, and typhoid. Visitors to rural or forested areas should consider tick-borne encephalitis vaccination. Travel insurance is strongly recommended due to the variability in health care standards.

The official currency of Russia is the rouble (RUB). 

Russia uses plug types C and F, with a standard voltage of 220V and a frequency of 50Hz. 

Due to the large size of the country, trains and planes are the best means of transport. Buses and taxis are available for major city travel while car rentals are the best if rural travels are your interests

The official language is Russian, and it is spoken by the majority of the population.

Russians value politeness and formality, particularly when meeting strangers or engaging in business. Smiling can be a ‘faux pas’ as it is only meant for friends. Russians are direct communicators, so do not be offended when they speak their minds.  When visiting churches, modest clothing is required, with head coverings for women in some cases.

Punctuality is appreciated. Avoid discussing politics or sensitive historical topics unless prompted by locals.

• Spring (March to May): Spring in Russia is marked by thawing snow and gradually warming temperatures. It is a good time to explore cities and cultural sites before the peak tourist season.

• Summer (June to August): Summer offers warm weather, particularly in central and southern Russia. It is the best season for visiting Lake Baikal, exploring the Golden Ring, or attending festivals.

• Autumn (September to November): Autumn is cool and colourful, making it ideal for hiking in the forests and countryside.

• Winter (December to February): Winters are harsh, with temperatures often dropping below -20°C in Siberia. However, it is a magical time to visit cities like Moscow, where Christmas markets and ice sculptures create a festive atmosphere.

Russia is moderately priced for travellers. Budget travellers can spend $30–50 per day, covering hostels, meals, and local transport. Mid-range travellers should budget $60–120 daily for comfortable hotels, guided tours, and dining out. Luxury options are available in major cities, with upscale accommodations and fine dining experiences.

Visitors to Russia must obtain a visa before entry, except if they are from any of the visa-exempt countries.

• The iconic white nights at the end of spring is an event you should never miss.
  Prepare well for winter, if that is your best time to travel. Warm-weather clothes are important

• Explore Saint Petersburg’s Hermitage Museum and the Peterhof Palace for a glimpse of imperial grandeur.

• Take a journey on the Trans-Siberian Railway to experience the vastness of Russia.

• Respect local traditions and dress modestly when visiting religious sites.

• Avoid travelling without a visa, as Russia has strict entry requirements for most foreign nationals.