Andorra Eritrea

Eritrea is bordered by Sudan to the west, Ethiopia to the south, and Djibouti to the southeast, with the Red Sea to the east. It covers an area of about 117,600 square kilometres and has a population of approximately 6 million people. Asmara, the capital city, is known for its well-preserved Italian colonial architecture.  Eritrea gained independence from Ethiopia in 1993.

Eritrean cuisine is influenced by Italian, Middle Eastern, and African culinary traditions. Staple foods include injera (a sourdough flatbread) served with various stews like tsebhi (spicy meat or lentil stew). Pasta dishes, a remnant of Italian colonization, are also popular. While Eritrea has no significant wine production, local drinks such as suwa (traditional beer) and mies (honey wine) are enjoyed. Italian wines and other imported beverages are available in cities. Coffee is an integral part of Eritrean culture, often enjoyed in a traditional coffee ceremony.

Eritrea offers a range of outdoor activities for adventure seekers. The Red Sea coast, particularly around the Dahlak Archipelago, is ideal for diving, snorkelling, and fishing, with its clear waters and vibrant marine life. Hiking in the highlands around Asmara and the escarpment areas offers stunning views and a chance to explore traditional villages. Cycling is popular in Asmara due to its temperate climate and scenic routes.  For history enthusiasts, exploring the ancient city of Qohaito, with its ruins and rock art, is a must. Birdwatchers can enjoy the rich avian diversity in the country's national parks and protected areas, such as the Filfil Solomuna and Semenawi Bahri.

Eritrea boasts a wide range of natural landscapes, from its coastal plains along the Red Sea to the highlands and plateaus that dominate the interior. The Dahlak Archipelago is a major draw for nature enthusiasts, featuring crystal-clear waters, coral reefs, and a variety of marine life. The Semenawi Bahri National Park, with its dense forests and mountainous terrain, is home to numerous bird species and wildlife, including gazelles and baboons. The Danakil Depression, one of the hottest places on Earth, offers a stark and surreal landscape of salt flats, volcanoes, and colourful mineral deposits. Eritrea's commitment to preserving its natural environment is evident in its conservation efforts, making it a destination for eco-tourists and adventurers alike.

Eritrea celebrates numerous cultural and religious festivals. Independence Day, on May 24th, is marked by nationwide celebrations, parades, and cultural performances. The Orthodox Christian community celebrates Meskel, the finding of the True Cross, with large bonfires and feasts. The Eritrean Festival, held annually in Asmara, showcases traditional music, dance, and crafts. Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr are significant events for the Muslim population.

Travellers to Eritrea should take several health precautions to ensure a safe and enjoyable visit. It is recommended to have vaccinations up to date, including those for Yellow Fever (if coming from a risk area), Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Typhoid, and Polio. Malaria is a risk in some regions, so antimalarial and mosquito repellent are advised.

The official currency is the Eritrean Nakfa (ERN).

The standard voltage in Eritrea is 220 volts, and the plug type is C. It is recommended that a universal adapter be brought.

Buses are the primary mode of transport for long-distance travel, with routes connecting major towns and cities. Taxis and minibuses (known as "blue donkeys") are available in Asmara and other urban areas. Renting a car is possible but can be challenging due to road conditions and limited infrastructure. For those traveling to the coastal areas, boats are available from Massawa to the Dahlak Archipelago. Walking and cycling are popular ways to explore Asmara's compact and pedestrian-friendly city centre.

Eritrea is a multilingual country with several languages spoken across its regions. Tigrinya is the most widely spoken language and is commonly used in Asmara and the highlands. Arabic and English are also official languages, with English being used in government, education, and business. Other languages spoken include Tigre, Afar, and Saho. Learning a few basic phrases in Tigrinya or Arabic can enhance your interactions with locals and provide a deeper connection to the culture. Signage in Asmara is often bilingual, featuring Tigrinya and English.

Eritreans are known for their warm hospitality and respect for elders. It is not a good thing to be seen eating alone, so when you are eating, always remember to invite those around you. Eritreans are polite and direct, so they don’t pretend to like you if they don’t. Sexual comments or discussions are not welcome, and public display of affection is not common. Using the left hand to eat is considered a taboo and is always frowned upon.

• Dry Season (October to April): From October to April, Eritrea experiences a dry season characterized by warm temperatures and minimal rainfall. This period is ideal for travel and outdoor activities, with clear skies and comfortable weather. The highlands around Asmara are particularly pleasant, making it a great time for hiking and exploring the city. The coastal areas enjoy sunny weather, which is perfect for diving and beach activities.
  

• Wet Season (May to September): The wet season runs from May to September, with the heaviest rains typically occurring in July and August. The highlands receive most of the rainfall, which can make travel challenging due to muddy roads. However, the landscape becomes lush and green, providing a beautiful backdrop for photography and nature walks.

Travel costs in Eritrea can vary depending on your preferences and itinerary. Budget travellers can expect to spend around $30-$50 per day, which includes basic accommodation, public transportation, and meals at local restaurants. Mid-range travellers might spend between $60-$100 per day for a comfortable hotel stay, dining at mid-range restaurants, and local transportation. Luxury travellers can expect to spend upwards of $150 per day, enjoying upscale accommodation, fine dining, and additional activities or private transportation. Entrance fees to museums and historical sites are generally low, though some attractions may require a guide.

To truly experience Eritrea, balance your itinerary between cultural exploration and natural beauty. In Asmara, visit the stunning Art Deco architecture, the National Museum, and the lively markets. Explore the ancient city of Qohaito, a UNESCO World Heritage site candidate, with its archaeological ruins and rock art. Take a trip to Massawa, the historic port city, and enjoy the pristine beaches of the Dahlak Archipelago. Discover the scenic beauty of the highlands, including the town of Keren, which is known for its vibrant markets and historical significance. Engage with local communities, sample traditional Eritrean cuisine, and participate in cultural festivals. Respect the customs, savor the flavors, and immerse yourself in the rich culture and dynamic life of Eritrea.