Pakistan Somalia

Somalia covers 637,657 square kilometres and has a population of approximately 17 million people. Mogadishu, the capital, is a historic port city with remnants of Italian colonial architecture and vibrant markets. Somalia is home to a predominantly Somali-speaking population. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, and Kenya to its southwest. Despite political challenges, Somalia’s vibrant traditions and strong community ties highlight its enduring spirit. The country operates on East Africa Time (GMT+3).

Somali cuisine reflects its geographical diversity and historic trade connections. It is a combination of Somali, Yemeni, Persian, Turkish, Indian and Italian influences.  Must-try dishes include injera a spongy flatbread, and sambusa . While Somalia’s Islamic traditions mean alcohol is not widely consumed, fresh juices and shaah tea are integral to the dining experience.

Somalia’s stunning landscapes offer unique adventures. The beaches of Mogadishu’s Lido and Berbera are perfect for swimming, fishing, and diving. In the north, the Cal Madow mountains provide excellent hiking and wildlife exploration. The Laas Geel cave paintings, one of Africa’s best-preserved rock art sites, give a fascinating look into prehistoric life. Visitors can also experience camel trekking and nomadic culture in the country’s vast deserts.

Somalia’s ecosystems range from sandy beaches and coral reefs to mountains and dry savannas. The Jubba and Shabelle Rivers support agriculture and wildlife, while the Daallo Forest is home to rare plant species. The coastal waters host dolphins, turtles, and whale sharks, and land wildlife includes gazelles, cheetahs, and hyenas, though conservation efforts have been affected by civil conflict.

Somalia’s festivals revolve around Islamic traditions and cultural heritage. Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha are major celebrations, bringing prayers, feasts, and community gatherings. Independence Day on July 1st marks the country’s unification as a republic. Poetry and music festivals in cities like Mogadishu and Hargeisa showcase Somalia’s rich oral traditions and storytelling culture.

Travellers to Somalia should ensure vaccinations for Hepatitis A, Typhoid, Yellow Fever, Polio and other routine vaccinations are up to date. Malaria is present, so anti-malarial medication and mosquito repellent are advised. Tap water is unsafe to drink, and bottled or boiled water is recommended. Due to ongoing security concerns, travel insurance covering emergency evacuations is essential.

The official currency is the Somali Shilling (SOS), though the US Dollar is widely accepted. 

Somalia uses a 220-volt power supply with a frequency of 50 Hz. The standard plug types are Type C and Type F, featuring two round pins. 

Somalia has limited public transport infrastructure. Buses and taxis are the common means of transportation. Road travel can be challenging due to poor infrastructure and security risks, and hiring a local guide is advisable.

Somali is the official language, with Arabic widely spoken due to religious and cultural influences.

Somalis are known for their hospitality and strong sense of community. Islamic customs shape daily life, clothing, and social interactions, so modest dress is expected. Public displays of affection are discouraged, and visitors should respect religious sites and local customs. Greetings involve handshakes and inquiries about family well-being. Just like many Arab nations, the use of the left hand is not a welcomed idea.

• Dry Season (December to February): Best time to visit, with cooler temperatures and minimal rainfall, making it ideal for exploring coastal and inland areas.

• Gu Rainy Season (April to June): Heavy rains and humidity can make travel challenging, though the landscape becomes lush and vibrant.

• Hagaa (July to September): Hot and dry, with strong monsoon winds affecting the coastal regions.

• Deyr Rainy Season (October to November): A shorter rainy period that brings milder weather.

Somalia remains an unusual and challenging destination for travellers. Budget travellers can expect to spend $40–70 per day, covering basic accommodation, transport, and local meals. Mid-range travellers might spend $100–200 daily, with private transport and guided tours. Luxury travel is limited, but high-end stays and security arrangements can push costs beyond $300 per day.

All visitors to Somalia must obtain a visa before entry is granted.

• Prioritise travel to Somalia only if you are going for an official assignment that is supervised by your country.

• Your security should be your utmost concern, so hiring a guide is essential.